Study of ionospheric irregularities during intense magnetic storms

The effects of two intense magnetic storms over ionospheric irregularities were analyzed using GPS signal scintillation data from the stations of São Luís (2.57ºS, 44.21ºW, dip latitude 1.73ºS) in the equatorial region, São José dos Campos (23.07ºS, 45.86ºW, dip latitude 18.01ºS) and Cachoeira Paulista (22.57ºS, 45.07ºW, dip latitude 18.12ºS) both under the Equatorial Ionization Anomaly (EIA), and São Martinho da Serra (29.28ºS, 53.82ºW, dip latitude 18.57ºS), located in the South of Brazil. Total Electron Content (TEC) data for São Luís and São José dos Campos, were also analyzed. The analyzed storms occurred on October 28-31, 2003 and on November 7-11, 2004. Both storm periods presented two main phases. In the nights of 29/30 and 30/31 of October, during the two storm main phase, it was observed that TEC over São José dos Campos reached higher values than the TEC for the magnetically quiet day of October 10, due to the effect of eastward electric field prompt penetration to magnetic equator that intensified the EIA. Compared to a quiet day (Oct 10), scintillation in the GPS signal amplitude due to ionospheric irregularity, quantified by the scintillation index S4, was stronger for Cachoeira Paulista (under EIA) during the night of 30/31but not for the night of 29/30 and for São Martinho da Serra was stronger during the nights of 29/30 and 30/31. Scintillation for the nights of 29/30 and 30/31 at these two stations lasted longer than on October 10, reaching the post midnight time sector. During the November 7-11 storm, TEC kept the behavior of a quiet day except during days 10 and 11 (up to 9 UT), when a large TEC decrease was observed. The GPS scintillation, compared to the quiet day November 19, was larger at the equatorial station of São Luís during the nights of 7/8 and 8/9 and it was completely inhibited for the São Luís and São José dos Campos stations during the nights of 9/10 and 10/11, probably due to action of westward disturbance dynamo electric field penetration to equator. (AU)