Effects of lidocaine and the inclusion complex with 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin on cell viability and proliferation of oral squamous cell carcinoma

ObjectivesSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a malignant disease that affects the oral cavity. Lidocaine has shown antiproliferative and cytotoxic activity on several cell types. The rapid dispersion is a limitation issue; however, the complexation in cyclodextrin improved pharmacological features and modified the drug release. This study investigated the effects of lidocaine (lido) complexed with 2-hydroxypropyl--cyclodextrin (HP--CD-lido) on cell viability and proliferation of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC9 and SCC25. MethodsThe complex formation was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Cells SCC9 and SCC25 were exposed to lido and HP--CD-lido (40-4000 m), and the effects on cell viability (MTT) and antiproliferative activity (SRB) were tested. Key findingsDifferential scanning calorimetry and SEM results demonstrated the occurrence of host-guest interaction. Lido and HP--CD-lido (4000 m) significantly reduced the viability of SCC9 cells to 83% and 63%, respectively. The viability of SCC25 treated with lido, and HP--CD-lido (4000 m) was 71% and 44%, respectively. Lido (4000 m) reduced the proliferation of SCC9 and SCC25 to 39.5% and 23.7%, respectively. HP--CD-lido (4000 m) was cytotoxic for both cell lines. ConclusionsHP--CD was able to potentiate the in vitro cytotoxic effects of lidocaine on human squamous cell carcinoma. (AU)