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(Reference retrieved automatically from Web of Science through information on FAPESP grant and its corresponding number as mentioned in the publication by the authors.)

New Findings of the Sporadic E (Es) Layer Development Around the Magnetic Equator During a High-Speed Solar (HSS) Wind Stream Event

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Author(s):
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Resende, L. C. A. [1, 2] ; Zhu, Y. [2] ; Denardini, C. M. [1] ; Batista, I. S. [1] ; Shi, J. [2] ; Moro, J. [2, 3] ; Chen, S. S. [1] ; Conceicao-Santos, F. [4, 5] ; Da Silva, L. A. [1, 2] ; Andrioli, V. F. [1, 2] ; Muella, M. T. A. H. [5] ; Fagundes, P. R. [5] ; Carrasco, A. J. [6] ; Pillat, V. G. [5] ; Wang, C. [2] ; Liu, Z. [2]
Total Authors: 16
Affiliation:
[1] Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP - Brazil
[2] State Key Lab Space Weather, Beijing - Peoples R China
[3] Southern Space Coordinat COESUL, Santa Maria, RS - Brazil
[4] Inst Fed Educ Ciencia & Tecnol Maranhao IFMA, Acailandia - Brazil
[5] Univ Vale Paraiba UNIVAI, Inst Pesquisa & Senvolvimento IP&D, Lab Fis & Astron, Sao Jose Dos Campos - Brazil
[6] Univ Los Andes, Merida - Venezuela
Total Affiliations: 6
Document type: Journal article
Source: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS; v. 126, n. 9 SEP 2021.
Web of Science Citations: 0
Abstract

The equatorial (Es-q) and blanketing (Es-b) sporadic (Es) layers occur due to the Equatorial Electrojet Current (EEJ) plasma instabilities and tidal wind components, respectively. Both Es-q and Es-b layers can appear concurrently over some Brazilian equatorial regions due to the peculiar geomagnetic field configuration in this sector. Previous works indicate that the inclination angle limit for the Es-q occurrence in ionograms is 7 degrees. However, we found evidence that regions more distant can also experience such equatorial dynamics during disturbed periods. In this context, we deeply investigated this EEJ influence expansion effect by analyzing the Es-q layers in regions not so close to the magnetic equator during a high-speed solar wind stream event that occurred on May 05 and 06, 2018. To explain these atypical Es-q layer occurrences, we considered the Es layer parameters obtained from digital ionosondes over the Brazilian regions, Sao Luis (dip: 9.5 degrees), and Araguatins (dip: 10.5 degrees). We use magnetometer data and a model named MIRE (E Region Ionospheric Model) to validate this mechanism. The results show that the eastward electric field of the Gradient Drift instability in the EEJ is effective during the magnetic storm main phase in the boundary equatorial magnetic sites, creating the Es-q layers. Thus, the EEJ plasma irregularity superimposes the wind shear mechanism, changing the Es layer dynamics during disturbed periods over the magnetic equator boundary sites. Therefore, this work establishes new findings of the EEJ influence expansion dynamics in the Es layer formation over the Brazilian regions, which was considered in MIRE for the first time. (AU)

FAPESP's process: 12/08445-9 - Study of day-to-day variability of the mesosphere, thermosphere and ionosphere at low latitude and equatorial region, during the solar cycle 24
Grantee:Paulo Roberto Fagundes
Support Opportunities: Research Projects - Thematic Grants
FAPESP's process: 19/09361-2 - STUDY OF THE IONOSPHERE VARIABILITY IN THE EQUATORIAL REGION, LOW AND MID LATITUDES AS FUNCTION OF LONGITUDE, USING EXPERIMENTAL DATA IN THE BRAZILIAN AND AFRICAN SECTORS
Grantee:Paulo Roberto Fagundes
Support Opportunities: Regular Research Grants