Abstract
Heparam sulfate (HS), a sulfated linear carbohydrate that decorates the cell surface and the extracellular matrix, is widely distributed among the various phyla of the Animal Kingdom and represents a key regulator of biological processes. Its biosynthesis, in the form of proteoglycans (PGs), occurs mainly in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus, after its initiation in the lumen of the endopl…