Vasodilator effects of nitric oxide donor [Ru(terpy)(bdq)NO]+3 in cava vein and basilar artery of normotensive and renal hypertensive rat (2K-1C).

Nitric oxide (NO) is an endogenous vasodilator that regulates vascular tone, homeostasis and blood flow. NO donors, including organic nitrates are important drugs for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. A major clinical benefit of NO donors is attributed to their venodilator effect, resulting in decreased venous return, cardiac preload, arterial pressure and decreased myocardial oxygen demand. But the most common side effect of these drugs is the headache, which is caused by cerebral vasodilatation. The clinically used NO donors, nitroglycerin (NTG) and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), have some limitations such as induction of tolerance and toxicity, respectively. Among the widely studied compounds, which are capable of releasing NO are the nitrosyl ruthenium complexes, which have therapeutic interest due to its low toxicity. Recently, we found that the ruthenium complex [Ru (terpy)(BDQ)NO]3+ (Terpy) reduces the blood pressure of renal hypertensive rats (2K- 1C) and promotes vascular relaxation in aorta from 2K-1C and normotensive rats (2R). Thus, the hypothesis of the present work was that Terpy is able to induce vascular relaxation in basilar artery and inferior vena cava rings in 2K and 2K-1C rats. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of Terpy and SNP (the classical NO donor) and their vascular mechanisms in basilar artery and inferior vena cava from 2K and 2K-1C rats. Our results demonstrate that Terpy, unlike the SNP, did not promote vascular relaxation in basilar artery of 2K and 2K-1C. Terpy did not release NO in vascular smooth muscle cells. SNP released NO and induced relaxation in basilar artery rings by activating the enzyme soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) with consequent activation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (GK) and activation of K + channels (KV, KATP and KIR). Both NO donors and NTG promoted vascular relaxation in vena cava rings from 2K and 2K-1C rats in concentration-dependent way. We have observed an impaired relaxation to NO in cava vein from 2K-1C rats. The NO release by Terpy was lower in 2K-1C veins. NPS induces relaxation in inferior vena cava by the activation of GCs, GK and K+ channels. Terpy induced relaxation in inferior vena cava by the activation of the enzyme sGC, with consequent activation of GK, reticular Ca2 + ATPase (SERCA) and activation of K + channels (KV and BKCa SKca). Taken together, our results demonstrate that Terpy is less potent than the reference NO donor (SNP) in the inferior vena cava of 2K and 2K-1C. Its vasodilator effect is mainly due to activation of sGC, K + channels, SERCA and GK protein. In basilar artery Terpy, unlike SNP, does not induce relaxation in 2K and 2K-1C rats. Vasodilator response to SNP in basilar artery is mainly due to activation of sGC, K + channels and GK protein. SERCA appears not to be involved in the mechanism of vascular relaxation by SNP. (AU)