Effects of partial hepatectomy associated with administration of nutritional hepatotrophic factors in morphology, function and expression of pro-fibrotic genes in thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis in Wistar rats

The current study evaluated the role of parenteral solution of nutritional hepatotrophic factors in animals with cirrhosis undergoing partial hepatectomy. This procedure is fearful in these animals due to the possibility of acute liver failure, since removal of a liver fragment further reduces the functional capacity of an already compromised organ. Moreover, it is known that cirrhotic liver decreases its regenerative capacity, which impairs the recovery of the animal, and also regenerates cirrhotic. These factors, together, contribute to a considerable rate of postoperative mortality. However, there are some situations when these patients need to be submitted to liver resection, such as trauma, infections and neoplasm. In fact, the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma represents the most important indication of this procedure in patients with cirrhosis. On the other hand, it has been shown that parenteral administration of a solution of the nutritional hepatotrophic factors (NHF), a mixture of amino acids, vitamins, minerals and hormones, significantly increases cell proliferation and liver size in healthy, fibrotic and cirrhotic animals. In the two latter, beyond the liver growth, there is also a significant reduction in the amount of collagen, meaning a morphological enhancement, resulting in a functional improvement. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether the use of nutritional hepatotrophic factors would also lead a morphological and functional improvement in animals with thioacetamide-induced cirrhosis after 40% liver resection. We used 40 rats (Rattus norvegicus) female Wistar whose cirrhosis was induced by intraperitoneal administration thioacetamide. At the end of this period, and after 10 days of rest, all animals were underwent a partial hepatectomy (PH) of 40%. They were then divided into two groups: one that received intraperitoneally a solution of nutritional hepatotrophic factors for 12 days, designated PH+NHF group, and another that received saline under the same conditions, forming the PH+S group. The following parameters were evaluated at the end of the trial period: biometrics (liver weight, HSI hepatossomatic index, and HCI hepatocarcass index), plasmatic liver biochemistry (AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin and albumin), quantification of volume density of collagen in liver morphology, quantification of cell proliferation by immunohistochemistry for PCNA and expression of pro-fibrotic genes (MMP2, TIMP1, TGF1 and Cola1) by real-time PCR. In fact, the livers of animals in group PH+NHF were larger than the animals in PH+S group (increases of 8.4%, 5.6% and 8.4% in liver weight, HSI and HCI, respectively), and also had higher rates of proliferation of hepatocytes (44.9%). There was also a 27.9% reduction in liver volume density of collagen in the group receiving NHF compared with the group that received saline. This reduction was also observed in gene expression of collagen a1, which was 53%. However, there were no differences in other genes evaluated. Among biochemical parameters, only the alkaline phosphatase showed a reduction. The results indicate that the use of NHF leads to an increase in liver regeneration accompanied by a reduction in the amount of collagen, and these findings, together, can represent a beneficial condition in the recovery of patients with cirrhosis undergoing liver resection (AU)