Interaction between polymorphisms of genes involved in energy homeostasis andinsulin sensitivity and response to a dietary intervention for weight reduction in obese individuals

This study included 201 individuals aged 30 to 80 years, and 100 obese (BMI> 30 kg/m2) and 101 control subjects. The obese participated in the program of nutritional guidelines for weight reduction. Anthropometric measurements, assessment of body composition and metabolic profile were evaluated in the total group. The genetic polymorphisms were analyzed by PCR in real time and only the IL 6 gene polymorphism by conventional PCR. The assessment of food intake was performed in only 73 obese subjects who completed the program of nutrition education. We found no association between the studied polymorphisms and obesity in our study. Polymorphism in the LEP-2548G> A, the control subjects showed high concentration of VLDL-C and triglycerides. For LEP polymorphism 19A> G, obese individuals showed high concentration of VLDL-C, insulin, HDL-C and increased values of Homaβ and the control group had a high concentration of glycated hemoglobin. To LEPR polymorphism Lys109Arg (c.326A> G), obese patients presented increased values of WC and WHR and high concentration of ApoB and HDL-c, while those in the control group showed increased values of BMI, WC and content values of fat and high concentration of usPCR. To polymorphism Gln223Arg (c.668A> G), obese patients presented increased values of fat content and high concentration of glycated hemoglobin and usPCR. Obese people, for the ADIPOQ polymorphism 45T> G, showed elevated concentrations of total cholesterol and LDL-C while in the control group the concentrations of glucose and triglycerides. For the polymorphism 276G> T, the obese had increased values of BMI, WC, WHR and fat content and high concentration of IL-6. The same individuals also had increased the value of BMI and the concentration of high usPCR for the PPARg polymorphism Pro12Ala (34G> C).As for the polymorphism 161 C> T obese individuals demonstrated the high concentration of HDL-C while the control group had a high concentration of insulin and IL-1β. Obese individuals for polymorphism IL-6 -174 G> C showed increased values of WC and the high concentration of PAI-1 as for individuals in the control group, the high concentration of ApoA, and IL1β usPCR. In the interventional program was able to observe a suitability in relation to recommended intake of carbohydrates and lipids, exceeding only protein. The carbohydrate intake was higher in groups II and III degree of obesity. After nutritional intervention, we observed changes in dietary habits of those involved due to decreased caloric intake and reducing the lipid profile, inflammatory, polymorphisms in the LEP, LEPR, ADIPOQ, PPARg and IL6. Obese individuals carring the haplotype TG+GG/GG, for the polymorphisms ADIPOQ gene showed increased values of WC, WHR end elevated glucose. Carries of haplotype TG+GG/GT showed glycate hemoglobin and ApoB. Obese individuals carrying the haplotype GG + AG / GG for the LEPR gene polymorphisms showed increased values of WC, WHR and fat, as carriers of the haplotype AG+GG/AG+GG showed high concentration of leptin, glucose, HDL-c and us PCR. (AU)