PPARγ involvement in the metabolic actions of ômega-3 fatty acids.

The intake of n-3 fatty acids have been associated to the protection against obesity, inflammation and insulin resistance. The n-3 fatty acids are ligands of the nuclear receptor PPARγ, and by the activation of this receptor can promote their metabolic and anti-inflammatory effects. Herein, we investigated whether increasing body n-3 fatty acids levels either genetically or by a n-3 enriched diet protects mice from diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance and adipose tissue inflammation through PPARγ activation. Fat-1 mice were protected from diet-induced obesity, glucose intolerance and adipose tissue inflammation. To better investigate PPARγ involvement in n-3 beneficial actions, mice with genetic deletion of PPARγ specifically in hepatocytes. In spite of the absence of changes in body weight and glucose homeostasis PPARγ deletion in hepatocytes completely abolished the increase in liver fatty acid oxidation and hepatic gene expression of genes associated to mitochondrial and peroxisomal activity. (AU)