Use of prototypes for simulation of a constructed wetland system for wastewater treatment of fee-fishing units

Abstract

Currently the water question is faced as one of the biggest problems of the society. The availability of this resource in the globe has diminished in the last decades, due to disordered antropic activity. A great ratio of the water used for human consumption meets very scarce in result of the pollution increasing, that it could be minimized or be prevented through the magnifying of programs of investments in sanitation. The lack of financial resources for development of projects and its implantations is considered, however, a great problem of the countries of third world and those in development. Expenses for the sanitation and conservation projects of the hidric resources cause greaters indebtedness and change of resources of other sectors, also considered essential and with priority, as the health and education. The conciliation of an efficient project and low cost comes being intensely established in the Europe and United States through the constructed wetlands systems "CWS", that they come gradual being used in other countries in the three last decades. Considering this trend and the efficiency of this treatment type, in this present study it is considered to study archetypes, in laboratory scale, simulating such systems, to verify the increase of efficiency of the same ones, using soil and added and/or aquatic plants - macrophytes Eichhornia crassipes - for effluent treatment of aquiculture. During the accomplishment of the experiment, Nile Tilapies fish (Oreochromis niloticus) in reservoir of 1.000 liters will be created to simulate the reservoirs of fish-pay and to get effluent that it will be used for treatment in the archetypes. These fish-pay are being studied in developed parallel studies with FAPESP grants, IC, processes nºs 04/06586-8; 04/06585-1). The efficiency of the treatment system will be verified through the determination of: water temperature; dissolved oxygen; condutivity; transparency; pH; alkalinity; hardness; nitrite; nitrate; ammoniim; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; reactive silicate, material in suspension and chemical oxygen demand (COD). The results that will have to be gotten in the archetypes will be able to subsidize another referring project to the effluent treatment of fish-pay "in locus” real scale, using CWS together to the reservoirs of fish-pays. Word-keys: fish-pays, effluent treatment, constructed wetland system