Scholarship 24/14579-5 - Dióxido de carbono supercrítico, Reciclagem - BV FAPESP
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Advanced Mechanochemical Devulcanization of Tire Rubber with Supercritical CO2 and Garlic Essential Oil

Grant number: 24/14579-5
Support Opportunities:Scholarships abroad - Research
Start date until: May 01, 2025
End date until: April 30, 2026
Field of knowledge:Engineering - Materials and Metallurgical Engineering - Nonmetallic Materials
Principal Investigator:Mathilde Julienne Gisele Champeau
Grantee:Mathilde Julienne Gisele Champeau
Host Investigator: Martial Sauceau
Host Institution: Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CECS). Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC). Ministério da Educação (Brasil). Santo André , SP, Brazil
Institution abroad: École Nationale Supérieure Des Mines D'Albi-Carmaux, France  

Abstract

Rubber recycling is increasingly important for sustainable consumption, given the annual disposal of 1 billion waste tires. Recycling of tire rubber into high-quality polymer is essential for replacing virgin elastomer. This can be achieved through devulcanization which, ideally, should selectively cleave sulfur crosslinks and not the main chain C-C bonds. Extrusion is commonly used for thermomechanical devulcanization, applying heat and shear to break the crosslinks. Chemical devulcanization offers more selective crosslink cleavage using devulcanizing agents (DA). The proponent's group has been working on chemical devulcanization in supercritical CO2 (scCO2) using biobased DA, where scCO2 swells the elastomer, enhancing DA diffusion. Using garlic essential oil (GEO) as a DA has shown good devulcanization efficiency on natural rubber and polybutadiene, two elastomers employed in truck tires thread. However, the process is lengthy and requires large amounts of DA to be competitive. This research proposal aims to explore for the first time the extrusion-assisted scCO2 devulcanization coupled to chemical devulcanization at the RAPSODEE research center of IMT Mines d'Albi (France). Combining GEO's chemical action, GEO- and scCO2-induced swelling, and the extruder's heat and stress should accelerate devulcanization while maintaining high crosslink scission selectivity. Four process parameters (barrel temperature, screw rotational speed, CO2 volumetric flow rate, and DA amount) will be examined through a design of experiments to determine optimal conditions based on devulcanization efficiency and crosslink selectivity. The study will also analyze the gel fraction, sol fraction, and GEO after devulcanization to rationalize the impact of the process on elastomer modifications.

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