Development of techniques and methodologies for the planning and operation of electrical systems with micro and mini distributed generation.

Abstract

The various environmental, technological, political, and social interests demand a transition to a more diversified and renewable energy matrix. In the case of Brazil, this transition gained prominence with distributed generation (DG), whose regulation came into effect with Normative Resolution No. 482, and was later adjusted by Normative Resolutions No. 659 and No. 687, with photovoltaic solar energy playing a central role. The legal framework for micro and mini DG was established by Law No. 14300, along with Normative Resolutions No. 1000 and No. 1059, consolidating the rules for participation, incentives, tariffs, and operating conditions to enable the expansion of these generation models in the country.In this context, it is necessary to adequately utilize the different distributed energy resources (DERs), allowing their integration to make traditional electrical systems less centralized, more robust, and reliable. However, most renewable energy sources are intermittent, such as photovoltaic energy. Intermittency is a challenge for the electrical sector and requires modifications in the planning and operation of energy systems, which must adhere to the peculiarities of each location and introduce alternatives to reduce impacts and maximize benefits. One of the solutions that has emerged is Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS). BESS enables efficient energy management in a system with DG, under the assumption that this can provide economic benefits to investors. The use of BESS allows for different operational strategies, such as peak shaving, time-shifting energy produced by DG to periods with higher costs, reducing intermittency, improving power quality, among other possibilities.Thus, the objective of this research project is to develop and analyze the performance of different techniques and methodologies that enable proper management and operational planning in systems with DG. The work will include optimization or machine learning methods to determine the appropriate utilization of DERs and assess the operational safety of electrical systems in static or dynamic regimes. Therefore, this research seeks to consider the most relevant operational scenarios as exploring different scales of application, from small topologies such as microgrids serving a group of loads to interconnected system sets considering different operational strategies. In this way, the work aims to contribute to the growing integration of DERs, taking into account economic and operational safety criteria that can be applied to projects in Brazil.