Transformation of Ascomycota fungi into bioluminescent model organisms

Abstract

The manipulation of microbial genetics has become an essential tool for the study of pathogenicity and host-pathogen interactions, with the ascomycete's phylum playing host to a diverse range of pathogenic fungi that cause a significant impact on society, including those that parasitize humans and crops. Plant transformation through the introduction of the fungal bioluminescence pathway, i.e. the Caffeic Acid Cycle (CAC), has proven to be applicable in several species, serving as a valuable tool for observing molecular processes in real time through the emission of light. The transfer of the fungal bioluminescence pathway may emerge as a new molecular tool for exploring pathogenicity during ascomycete infection. By transforming Botrytis cinerea with the CAC genes, a promising path opens to advance our understanding of cyclic life within this phylum. The bioluminescent ascomycete model resulting from the engineering not only facilitates real-time visualization of fungal behavior, but also allows the exploration of intricate molecular mechanisms that maintain pathogenicity. This project aims to modify ascomycete species to create a model of fungal bioluminescence induced by caffeic acid, throwing insight into the complex interaction between genetic determinants and pathogenesis. Ultimately, this research contributes to the development of more effective strategies against fungal infections.