Characterization of basic concepts and application of methods for estimating unconfined aquifers recharge as a support for water and food security in critical basins in the State of São Paulo

Abstract

Water security comprises the stability and guarantee of adequate access to water for multiple uses, including the maintenance of ecosystems and protection and conservation of water resources. There is a close dependence between the water security situation and food security, particularly in Global Climate Change (GCM) scenarios and consequent extreme events frequency increase. Bibliographical research, conceptual understanding of water movement in the hydrological cycle and the methods for estimating the quantities of the parcels involved, both on the surface and underground, are fundamental actions for water risk management, integrating the effects of evapotranspiration, surface water capture and depletion and the heterogeneity of surface cover and soil management. This specific knowledge is extremely important to ensure water security, since the extensive use of groundwater causes a reduction in its discharge into surface water bodies.This proposal seeks to improve knowledge for characterization of the basic concepts involved and methods for calculating recharge on aquifer recharge in different land use situations.