Bioelectrical impedance parameters, bone geometry and associations with physical activity and sedentary behavior in older women with Osteosarcopenic Obesity: a prospective study

Abstract

Osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) has been described as the coexistence of three body composition abnormalities (sarcopenia, obesity and osteopenia/osteoporosis), which can result in a more aggravating condition for reduced physical performance, risk of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and disability functional. The analysis of bioelectrical impedance vectors (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA), which have been used as parameters to assess cell integrity in different clinical scenarios and are associated with different health outcomes, may be relevant in the investigation of OSO. In addition, bone geometry, determined by the amount of bone tissue and its spatial distribution, has also been used to assess bone quality and estimate the risk of fractures in older adults, and some of the differences in bone parameters may be associated with the distribution of body components, in particular muscle mass. However, it is observed that the maintenance of muscle and bone mass, as well as the reduction in the amount of body fat and, consequently, improvement in the values of the bioimpedance parameters of each individual can also be associated with different types of lifestyle behavior, such as increased physical activity and reduced sedentary behavior. Thus, the objective of this present will be to analyze the association of bioelectrical impedance parameters and bone geometry with the practice of physical activity and sedentary behavior in older women with the absence or presence of OSO after 12 months of follow-up. In total, 248 women aged over 60 years will be invited to participate in the study, participating in the project BIA Brasil: a national multicenter collaboration study, in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP. The variables investigated will be: i) bioelectrical impedance parameters (PhA and BIVA) (bioelectrical impedance); (ii) body composition (dual energy radiological absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance); iii) bone geometry (dual energy radiological absorptiometry) iv) physical activity and sedentary behavior (accelerometer and questionnaire); and v) control variables: age at menopause, use of hormone replacement therapy, history of falls and fractures, chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs), use of medications, age, ethnicity, education, income, smoking, food intake (self-reported), and functionality [handgrip strength (digital dynamometer) and physical performance (physical tests)]. Statistical analysis will be performed using SPSS software (SPSS inc. Chicago. IL), version 22.0 and the significance level will be set at 5%. (AU)