Evaluation of the physicochemical and biological properties of an experimental calcium silicate-based root canal sealers with chitosan biopolymer

Abstract

Chitosan is a natural biopolymer extracted from the arthropod exoskeleton and is a material with wide application due to its antimicrobial, healing, repairing and bioactive properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the use of chitosan biopolymer as a vehicle of an experimental calcium silicate-based sealer of root canal filling. To evaluate the physical standard of the addition of chitosan biopolymer in the vehicle of this experimental sealer, the physicochemical tests ISO 6876/2012 will be carried out (n = 6), in addition to pH, rheometric test and calcium ion release. To evaluate the chemical and crystalline characterization of the experimental sealer, in the after mixing time and 1, 7, 14 and 28 days, the Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) will be performed. Cell viability and migration (n=3) will be evaluated in periods of 24, 48 and 72 hours of the sealer in the undiluted and in the diluted form in the proportion ½ and ¼ in a culture medium with human periodontal ligament fibroblasts of third molars of 5 patients. SEM. will observe cellular attachment of these same cells, in contact with sealer extracts. The bioactivity of the sealer and the mineralization potential will be evaluated in these same cell types by the Alizarin red test. The antimicrobial activity of the experimental cement will be evaluated through biofilm of Enterococcus faecalis and inhibition halo with Enterococcus faecalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans bacteria.