Development of (3+1)D viscous and diffusive relativistic hydrodynamic simulation for heavy-ion collisions

Abstract

In 2005 the discovery of GQP formation on heavy-ion collisions was announced by the four experiments at RHIC accelerator. It soon became evident that one could describe it as a near-perfect relativistic fluid. Since then, many effects were added in relativistic hydrodynamic simulations, such as viscous corrections up to second order and baryonic diffusion. Brazilian researchers were among the first ones to perform event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations for heavy-ions, with the NeXSPheRIO code. However, it does not include viscous corrections. Our group developed in the past simulations which incorporates these corrections, but that are restricted to (2+1)D simulations. This limits its applicability to high-energy collisions (approx. 200 GeV), since at low energies the (3+1)D dynamics is important. These low-energy collisions in turn creates a hot-dense matter with non-zero net-baryonic density. Because of this, they are fundamental to explore the QCD phase diagram. The aim of this project is to upgrade our code by incorporating all the modern effects in a (3+1)D simulation, including viscosity and baryonic diffusion. Since these simulations are computationally intensive, we also intend to implement parallelism, so as to enable the code to use the multi-core architecture present in modern processors. (AU)