Impact of Giomer technology on physical mechanical properties of resin composites

Abstract

Through the reduction of the prevalence of caries and the possibilities of its early diagnosis, more conservative interventions and new categories of materials have been developed to preserve and restore dental structures. In addition, new scenarios such as the erosive process in dentin had experiencing increasing prevalence. Based on that, restorative materials with bioactivity proposals including antimicrobial potential, bonding ability and strength of tooth structure have been launched. One of these categories concerns resin composite containing the Giomer technology, with pre-reacted surface glass filler particles (S-PRG) with a centre core and glass ionomer based phase). By these additional actions, the interaction with the aqueous environment becomes necessary, which establishes the need to investigate the physical-mechanical properties. In addition, with the fact that the main functional group of a restorative material can determinate the susceptibility of interaction with water and influence their performance, some resins have specific monomers that can also determine differences in sorption (WS) and solubility (WSB). Because of that, it is necessary to assess the impact on these properties, combined with the degree of wetting (W) of resin composite without and with this technology. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the performance of the interaction with water by these tests of resin composite with and without S-PRG filler with regular consistency, conventional and bulk type: Filtek Z350, Filtek One bulk, Beautifil II and Beautifil Bulk. A resin-modified glass-ionomer cement will be used as a control (GL-Gold Label). For the WS and WSB test, specimens (n=10) of each material will be made in an individual matrix (10x0.5mm) and the analyzes measured in (¼g/mm³), in the 3 different stages for the immersion cycles (m1), desiccation (m2) and immersion (m3). For the wettability test (W), 6 specimens of each material will be tested for each immersion solution. A standardized drop of water will be dripped and used to average the contact angle of each reading. Qualitative surface analysis will be performed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). For each quantitative test (S, SB and W), the statistical analysis of the collected data will be performed with the one and two-way ANOVA criteria respectively and Tukey tests for individual comparative analyzes (p<0.05), if normal distribution is verified.