Effects of eutrophication and different substrates on the taxonomic and functional diversity of zooplankton in an integrated multitrophic aquaculture system

Abstract

The main impact caused by aquaculture is the eutrophication of natural water bodies. Thisprocess can be reduced through sustainable techniques capable of inducing an artificialcycling of nutrients, such as adding substrate and the Integrated Multitrophic Aquaculture. Inthese aquatic cultives with the sustainable approaches, the zooplankton communitycontributes to the assimilation of nutrients, so the present project is going to evaluate thetemporal effects of the physicochemical variables of water and a presence of differentsubstrates on taxonomic and functional diversity on the group. For this purpose, the databasefrom the project "Production, economic viability and sustainability of the cultivation ofamazon shrimp and nile tilapia in multi-spatial and multitrophic systems" will be used. Theexperiment was performed in 12 ponds of policultive shrimp and tilapia with 3 treatments and4 replicates each: T1 - without a substrate (CON); T2 - with a substrate made of geotextilefabric (GEO); T3 - with a substrate made of bamboo (BAM). The water parameters weremeasured and the zooplankton was collected biweekly. In order to evaluate the effect of wateron the community of interest, the indices of taxonomic and functional diversity will beutilized as response variables and modeled in function of the physicochemical parameters,using Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). Regarding the difference in speciescomposition between treatments (CON, GEO e BAN) and for the identification of whichspecies contributed the most to the difference observed, PERMANOVA and SIMPER will beapplied, respectively.