Hybrid hydrogel containing nitric oxide donors and antimicrobial nanoparticles for topical applications

Abstract

Nitric Oxide (NO) is an endogenous molecule found in mammals and plants, responsible for the control of various physiological processes, such as the organism defense against pathogens. This molecule is a potent antimicrobial agent when at high concentrations. However, since it is a free radical, NO molecule is unstable. One promising strategy to enable the therapeutic use of NO is the combination of nanotechnology and NO donors, such as S-nitrosothiols (RSNOs). In this context, one of the objectives of this work is the preparation of polymeric nanoparticles based on chitosan as nanocarriers of NO donors. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are also known as potent antimicrobial agents. These nanoparticles can be synthesized through various routes such as green or biological routes, which are economically viable and eco-friendly. In this sense, another objective of this work is the synthesis of AgNPs and CuO NPs through green routes, using vegetable extracts. To potentialize and enable the simultaneous use of NO-donor nanoparticles, AgNPs and CuO NPs for topical applications, they will be incorporated in polymeric matrices of Pluronic F-127 to verify a possible synergistic action. The obtained systems will be characterized regarding the nanoparticles size and morphology, the nanoparticles and Pluronic F-127 hydrogel physicochemical, morphology and thermal characterization, NO, AgNPs and CuO NPs release kinetics, antimicrobial activity, and cytotoxicity. (AU)