Exploring the phase diagram of quark-gluon plasma: diffusion effect over conserved charge fluctuation in beam energy scan

Abstract

In 2005 it was announced a discovery in the RHIC accelerator of a new state of matter, the Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). It is the most perfect fluid ever created in laboratory, the hottest, of greater vorticity and, unlikely expected, is strongly coupled. Now, the biggest challenge is to create it in other temperature and density conditions, i.e. to explore the QCD phase diagram of QCD (Quantum ChromoDynamics), as well as finding its probable critical point. Numerous laboratories and accelerators are involved in this search (RHIC in United States; FAIR in Germany; NICA in Russia; and perhaps J-PARC in Japan). There is also an intense theoretical activity (particularly BEST in United States and HIC for FAIR in Germany). Here in Brazil, the thematic project "Exploration of phase diagram of QCD", coordinated by Professor Grassi is dedicated to this theme.This phD project fits this context and uses knowledge acquired during the undergraduate research project. It aims to study one of the most promising evidences of critical point, the conserved charge fluctuation such as protons minus antiprotons (proxy for baryons plus antibaryons) and charged particles, incorporating diffusion effects. (AU)