Comparative analysis between alloplastic bone grafts in granules VS paste in maxillary sinus surgeries: histological and histomorphometric in rabbits

Abstract

The aim of the present study will be to analyze the repair of maxillary sinuses in relation to incorporation, new bone formation and remodeling, after grafting procedure with two different commercial presentation forms of an alloplastic bone substitute in maxillary sinus surgeries in rabbits. Twenty male New Zealand rabbits were used in this prospective, split-mouth and randomized study. They were divided into 2 groups of 10 animals each and submitted to maxillary sinus lift. After performing sinus membrane elevation, the same amount of bone substitute (50mg) was grafted into the elevated area on both sides being granules on control side (Maxresorb®, Botiss Biomaterials, Zossen, Germany) and paste in test side (Maxresorb® inject, Botiss Biomaterials, Zossen, Germany).Antrostomies were covered by a porcine collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®, Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland). Each group were euthanized on 2 and 10 weeks respectively, the regions of interest have been removed and sent to histological processing of hard tissues using the precision wear method (Exakt, Apparatebau, Norderstedt, Germany), obtaining slides 50-60 µm thick and stained with Toluidine Blue and Stevenel Blue and Red of Alizarina. Photographs of the slides with 10x magnification will be taken in the following areas: medial wall, side wall, sinus membrane, central region and anthrostomy region. Histomorphometric analysis will be performed with Image software (National Institutes of Health, USA) calculating the percentages of: new bone, connective tissue, granules and paste, in addition to a descriptive analysis of the histological findings: vessels, inflammatory cell infiltrate, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. The data obtained will be analyzed statistically through ANOVA analysis of variance (p <0.05) for intra and inter - group evaluation.