Very early onset inflammatory bowel disease: clinical-immunological characteristics

Abstract

Inflammatory Bowel Disease include Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis and undefined conditions, called Undetermined Colitis. Multifactorial pathology that includes genetic, immunological, psychogenic factors and is influenced by the intestinal microbiota. Inflammatory Bowel Disease is chronic, of uncertain evolution, being considered incurable in the case of Crohn's Disease and control of intestinal symptoms in the case of Ulcerative Colitis, but not for its extra intestinal manifestations. The etiology is not well understood, but the pathophysiology is. The identification of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease has increased and the disease has been classified as an autoimmune disease. Crohn's Disease usually presents with minor bleeding, manifesting by diarrhea, abdominal pain, growth deficit and perianal involvement, which can lead to fistulas and even abscesses. The Ulcerative Colitis courses with major bleeding, diarrhea and always involves the rectum. Inflammatory Bowel Disease that manifests early occurs in children under six years old and is accompanied by more severe manifestations than in adults, is more associated with a positive family history and more associated with monogenic defects. Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and immunological characteristics of patients with very early onset inflammatory bowel disease, to describe the anatomopathological characteristics of the patients, to evaluate the clinical manifestations, and the immunological profile. Methods: evaluation of patients at the Pediatric Gastroenterology and / or Clinical Immunology Clinic with confirmed diagnosis of very early onset inflammatory bowel disease. Anatomopathological study of the intestinal tract for diagnosis and therapeutic guidance, as part of the routine at the Gastroenterology outpatient clinic. Clinical characteristics will be assessed by medical records / clinical evaluation. The pedigree will be obtained from all included patients. Research and evaluation with laboratory exams of the gastrointestinal and immunological part of patients.