Mango processing by-products for cariogenic biofilm control: in vitro study

Abstract

The control of oral biofilm in children represents a challenge for Pediatric Dentistry. Considering that, this work aims to isolate polysaccharides from the industrial residues of mango (peel, seed kernel, and seed) and evaluate its potential as an enzyme inducer in Trichoderma harzianum, studying the effect of glucanases produced on cariogenic biofilm. This work will occur in two stages. In the first stage, polysaccharides from the epicarp (peel), endocarp (seed kernel), and seed from Tommy Atkins mangoes will be extracted and quantified. Mesocarp (pulp) polysaccharides will work as controls. Next, the polymers will be added to the medium containing T. harzianum to induce glucanases. After 192 hours, the culture medium will be centrifuged, and the supernatant (enzyme extract) will be reserved for the second stage. In the second stage, biofilms from S. mutans, simulating conditions of misery and abundance that occur in the oral cavity, will be formed for five days in glass coverslips. On the 3rd day, they will be exposed to treatments (n = 3): a) 0.9% NaCl (negative control); b) 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate (positive control); c) extract of T. harzianum enzymes induced by polysaccharides of the epicarp, mesocarp, endocarp, seed or mango pulp. Acidogenicity and bacterial viability will be assessed. The bacterial polysaccharides will be extracted, quantified, and will have their chemical structure determined by gas chromatography associated with mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. For comparison between groups, the homogeneity and variability of the results will be analyzed. As the distribution is normal, ANOVA will be used, followed by a post-hoc test. Otherwise, the Kruskal-Wallis test will be utilized. The level of significance accepted will be 5%. (AU)