Effects of three different anaerobic training sessions on physiological, mechanical, neuromuscular responses and short distances performance in swimming

Abstract

Models of anaerobic training in swimming have as purpose to promote specific physiological adaptations that favor the improvement of the performance in races of speed. However, characterized by repeated maximum efforts, swimmers are commonly submitted to a metabolic acidosis, so that worsening of swim mechanics during sessions is often observed. Although it is fundamental to elaborate the training sessions, the literature is still lacking in relation to the information that underlies the decision making regarding which variable the training should be prioritized, since the accumulation of lactate and the mechanical parameters can be influenced by the volume of these efforts. The aim of the research project is to investigate the effects of three different anaerobic training sessions on the physiological, mechanical, neuromuscular and performance responses of 50-m and 100-m swim front crawl. Thirty swimmers will be randomly divided into three groups. Each group will be submitted to training sessions with 5 maximum efforts of 100-m (G5x100), 10 maximum efforts of 50-m (G10x50) and 20 maximum efforts of 25-m (G20x25) in swimming front crawl, with respective intervals of 300-s, 180-s and 90-s. Performance and mechanical parameters of 50m and 100m crawl will be assessed before and after training, along with assessment of metabolic involvement and investigation of neuromuscular fatigue responses by peripheral electrostimulation at the femoral nerve (i.e., Twitch Interpolation). The training effect will be investigated through analysis of variance (ANOVA Test). It is important to point out that the results obtained will contribute to a better understanding of the structuring of anaerobic training for sprinter swimmers. (AU)