Mesoporous catalysts with Lewis acid and Brønsted acid bifunctionality for the direct conversion of biomass-derived saccharides into platform chemicals

Abstract

The work involves two main lines of action to develop bifunctional catalysts for the direct production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from glucose or cellulose. 1) mesoporous carbons will be prepared which will be modified with Brønsted acid groups. Thus, the catalysts will be subjected to modification with Lewis acid groups. Thus, the catalysts will be subjected to a partial ion exchange process, i.e., only a fraction of the protons in the sulfonic groups will be exchanged for cationic complexes with Lewis acid properties, such as trifluorosulfonate salts (lanthanides, Yb, Sn, In and Sc). This family of Lewis acids is resistant to the presence of water. Different ratios between Brønsted and Lewis acids should be tested in an attempt to identify the most appropriate for the conversion of monosaccharides and carbohydrates; 2) mesoporous Sn-silicas will be prepared and modified with Brønsted acid groups. This could be done, for example, by anchoring "propylsulfonic acid" groups on the surface. Another alternative would be to cover the surface with an insoluble acid polymer, such as Nafion. (AU)