3D-4D printed materials and their response to external stimuli

Abstract

The BEPE project aims to approach mainly the 3D shape memory polymers behaviour when exposed to external stimuli and the effect of bacterial biofilm in these printed structures by practical tests. The choice of the theme is due to the fact that the project will contribute such as basic research for biomedical applications of printed materials, a Brazilian project proposal. Thus, the PLA and ABS behaviour when submitted to temperature external stimulus will be approach by bibliographical references and simulation via Blender, SolidWorks and/or 3Ds Max softwares. There will also be development of SMPs models (with biomimetic application) to be printed using a 3D printer and experiments, using alginate sodium hydrogel, bacteria and NGAs presence to understand how these components affect the SMPs behavior (with and without temperature stimulus). This step will compare the simulation done with the results collect by practical tests. Moreover, the 4D printing will be approach once the SMPs 3D printing and its behavior when exposed to external stimulus are important parts to develop 4D printed materials. Thus, Dr. Pei, a specialist in additive manufacturing and design, will guide this project once the development of a specific design is fundamental to the printed materials functionality. Dr. McCarthy will act as co-advisor since he has experience in hydrogels and biomedical aspects, like the biofilm formation. Therefore, the BEPE project will contribute with the research group "4D Printing and Biomimetics" that has interest in additive manufacturing, biomimetic design and materials that change over time. Prior to returning to Brazil, the test processes and findings will be presented at Brunel University as a special presentation destined mainly to university researchers and the documented findings will be submitted for publication in Qualis A1 Journals such as the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research and/or the Progress in Additive Manufacturing Journal. (AU)