Evaluation of the influence of bone cement based on calcium silicate, modified with different cations, on osteogenic differentiation: in vitro study

Abstract

Currently there are two materials commonly used for bone repair, TCP (tricalcium phosphate) and bioglass. Although the bioglass has biological properties superior to the TCP, it is not possible to make a cement only with bioglass, so TCP is still the most used material for this purpose. An alternative to TCP is calcium silicate cement (CaSiO3), since it manages to combine the ability of TCP to form cement with the bioactivity of the bioglass, being the wollastonite cement precursor due to its superior biocompatibility to that of the phosphate-based cements and its high reactivity with the activating solution. Based on this assumption, the objective in this project will be to evaluate the impact of different activating solutions on the ± and ² wollastonite phases for the formation of calcium silicate cement. Samples will be produced with different activating solutions, this activating solution is a buffer solution (pHH7) composed of phosphate and cations, and its composition can be varied. The change in composition allows to change the final composition of the cement and control its mechanical and biological characteristics, in this way, the material will be analyzed by in vitro studies with mesenchymal cells obtained from mouse femurs, aiming to evaluate the influence of these samples will be on osteoblastic activity and differentiation, through the tests of interaction and cell viability, protein content total alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), formation of mineralization nodules and scanning electron microscopy. The data will be statistically analyzed, initially by means of the normality test aiming the application of the appropriate statistical test. The level of significance adopted will be the conventional value of 5%.