Development of green methodologies in the chemical investigation of agroindustrial wastes of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) and its derivatives

Abstract

Brazilian agricultural production (inputs, Agriculture, agroindustry and distribution) demonstrates its economic importance through its representativeness in the country's GDP. According to the diagnosis of organic wastes from the agroindustries Sector, of 57 million tons of harvested production, approximately 41 million tons are considered agricultural residues. The soybean crop is responsible for 56.8% of the cultivated area in Brazil, having a great impact both in the generation of foreign exchange for Brazil and in the generation of agricultural residues. According to the Unite Nations, there is a need to intensify research on technologies to convert waste of this nature into resources useful to society. In addition to proteins, carbohydrates and lipids, soybeans produce various organic compounds with high commercial value, such as isoflavones, saponins, tocopherols and phenolic acids (chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, ferric acid and p-coumarin acid). In the present project, we intend to investigate the presence of these and other organic compounds in: (1) soy residues collected in agricultural fields, called crop residues, such as straws and peels (30% could be removed from the extraction of organic compounds without impairing soil quality); (2) wastes from the soybean oil industry (defatted flour and husks, corresponding to approximately 600 and 50 kg per ton of soybeans); (3) wastes from the production of soy milk, among others that are detected during the execution of the project. Extractions with different techniques, greens means (including with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents) as well as methods by liquid chromatography ultra-high efficiency coupled in line with ultraviolet detectors and Corona Charged Aerosol detector (UHPLC-PAD/UV-C CAD) will be optimized statistically. The constituents of the extracts will be identified and quantified in mixture by UHPLC coupled to mass spectrometry and, if necessary, by nuclear magnetic resonance. (AU)