Implausibility in self-report of energy dietary intake in the population of São Paulo: comparison of consumption data and energy expenditure by means of a biological marker

Abstract

Studies that evaluate the food consumption of the Brazilian population through short or long term methods based on individual's report are recurrent. However, the implausibility in the report of energy intake is still poorly investigated in the country, which may compromise the interpretation of studies that relate diet and health. In this context, doubly labeled water (DLW) stands out as a biological marker used to validate the estimates obtained by methods that assess food consumption based on the individual intake report. Thus, the present study aims to estimate the prevalence and magnitude of implausibility in the report of energy intake in the population of São Paulo using a biological recovery marker. This is a cross-sectional population-based study with a sample of 46 male and female adult and elderly individuals who underwent the double-labeled water method for the determination of total energy expenditure participating in the Health Survey of São Paulo (ISA) in 2015. Two 24-hour dietary records were applied on nonconsecutive days to estimate individual's energy intake. The implausibility in the report of energy intake will be determined by comparing the ratio between total energy consumption and total energy expenditure. Measured anthropometric data (weight, height and body composition) will be used to determine the nutritional status of the individuals. The Spearman rank correlation coefficient and Cohen's kappa coefficient will be used to verify the validity of the energy intake in relation to the total energy expenditure estimated by the doubly labeled water method. In addition, univariate and multiple regression models will be used to investigate the factors associated with the implausible report of energy intake in the population. (AU)