Use of different basidiomycetes for the biodegradation of eucalyptus

Abstract

As long used by mankind, Eucalyptus sp. was introduced in Brazil with the purpose of satisfying the needs of civil construction, especially that refers to the use of poles and assembly of train lines, main means of production outflow at the time. Later with the study of the culture, new uses were applied to the wood as the production of paper and cellulose. According to the Brazilian Tree Industry (IBA), in 2017 in the period from January to August, exports of the sector reached US $ 5.5 billion, 9.6% more than the previous year, were US $ 4.1 billion pulp, US $ 1.2 billion of paper and US $ 191 million of wood panels, resulting in a trade surplus of US $ 4.85 billion, 11.4% higher than the previous year. With the expansion of the market and intensification of eucalyptus production and planting, new techniques are being employed as well as measures to reduce the value of management and reduce environmental damage in production, one of these measures being the use of biological fungi degradation of the remaining stumps of the cut. A problem for this practice is the adaptability of the fungus to the type of wood to the environment which will be inoculated, besides the influence of the morphological characteristics of the wood, in order to interfere directly in the growth of the mycelial development and consequently degradation of the wood. Therefore, this work intends to evaluate the potential degradation of fungi collected in different States, in newly cut artificial eucalyptus forests and to compare them with fungi from other collections (provided by the universities), already tested in previous studies. Another objective will be to relate to the degradation of the best isolates due to the morphological characteristics of the wood to be degraded.