Mating systems in glassfrogs (Anura, Centrolenidae): evidence for alternative reproductive behaviors?

Abstract

Alternative reproductive tactics refers to behaviors and other traits selected to maximize fitness in an intrasexual reproductive competition. Males compete to attract females but since it is an energetically demanding activity, in some cases individuals use strategies to offset these costs and gain access to mates. Here we will test if males of some centrolenid species adopt tactics or alternative behaviors to obtain mates, as well as determine whether and how males (Centrolene and Hyalinobatrachium species) discriminate between their own and unrelated clutches. If the presence of eggs under a male's attendance increases his chances of mating and gain more offspring, it is expected that non-attending males would be willing to use unrelated clutches as an alternative strategy to attract females. The results of our study will provide information hitherto little explored in the literature regarding parental care as a reproductive tactic in Neotropical anurans. (AU)