Urban insertion: from the slums to Minha Casa Minha Vida program

Abstract

The demographic growth that occurred throughout the 20th century entailed an out of control expansion of the urban grid in several Brazilian cities, which lacked land planning or land parceling. The urbanization of some urbans centers generated the valorization of urban land, which turn it more expensive, expelling low-income population increasingly to outlying and precarious places. The permanence in central areas only happened in lands without value to real state or by the occupation of unfit areas. So, this is how the slums consolidated as housing for the poorest people in many Brazilian cities. For decades the principal government action applied was the removal of slums, the change to this intervention method in the slums came with the creation of Zones of Special Social Interest, instrument employed for regularization and urbanization of precarious settlements. However, the historic landmark was the acknowledgements of housing right in Constitution (1988), the Statute of City (2001) and the Nacional Housing Plan (2004). Furthermore, was required of municipalities, by the Federal Government an elaboration of Local Housing Social Interest Plan, which defines politics actions to be implanted by city halls. In 2011 was concluded the Local Housing Social Interest Plan to the municipality of Bauru (São Paulo), with this plan was made a diagnostic of the social habitation problems and was proposed some actions, which encompass no densification, regularization and urbanization, applied in two slums, of Jardim Vitória and Cutuba. To perform the no densification, plan some families would have to leave their respective slum and be relocated in a housing complex, built by the Minha Casa Minha Vida program. This research will study the proposals of Housing Plan of Bauru, and how occurred the process of no densification, regularization and urbanization, as the relocation of families by the means of documental research and interview with key-users. Complements the research qualitative evaluation about housing complex to evaluate the condition of complex insertion in urban grid, infrastructure, sanitation, urban space, services, and degree of satisfaction of the residents in relation to the offer of these aspects. (AU)