Perinatal prognosis of pregnancies complicated by threat of abortion in the first trimester

Abstract

Threat of abortion is the occurrence of abnormal vaginal bleeding in the first half of pregnancy, regardless of the occurrence of abdominal pain in colic, with presence of uterine cervix that is impure for gynecological examination. Genital bleeding at this time of gestation may be related to vaginal or cervical changes, but undoubtedly the possibility of the occurrence of abortion is the main concern of parents and health staff. The relationship between adverse gestational outcomes, such as premature rupture of preterm ovary membranes and preterm labor, has been described when bleeding occurs in the first trimester of gestation. Some studies have also suggested the association between vaginal bleeding and increased risk of childhood psychosis, learning difficulties, epilepsy and restriction of the child's psychomotor development. In addition, there are data in the literature that show that vaginal bleeding in the first trimester could be related to lower birth weight and restriction of fetal growth. Objective: to report the perinatal prognosis of complicated pregnancies due to the threat of abortion in the first trimester. METHODS: A longitudinal prospective study was developed with patients attended at the Emergency Room of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Medical School of the University of São Paulo (HCFMUSP). Testors with a history of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of gestation are routinely seen at the Emergency Obstetrics Service HCFMUSP; There, after a complete medical consultation, the patient is submitted to complementary tests (hemogram, beta-hCG, etc.) according to a specific protocol (16). Obstetric ultrasound is scheduled to be performed within 3 days. Inclusion criteria: topical and single gestation, ultrasonographic diagnosis of threatened abortion, gestational age greater than 7 weeks and less than 12 weeks confirmed by the measurement of embryonic head-buttock length, signing of the Informed Consent Term. Exclusion criteria will be: loss of follow-up, motivated or unmotivated withdrawal of the patient from participating in the study. Sampling will be for convenience. (AU)