Preventive effect of Ilex paraguariensis preparations (chimarrão, terere and mate tea) against damages caused by chronic ethanol consumption: comparative analysis of preparation technology, chemical profile and evaluation of therapeutic effect and safety

Abstract

Alcoholism is defined by the 10th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) of the World Health Organization (WHO), as a set of behavioral, cognitive and physiological phenomena that develop after repeated use of alcohol. Psychiatric illness. The WHO estimates that there are 140 million people worldwide with alcoholism and in Brazil, the average consumption is superior to global, and it is documented in the literature that 53% of the adult population admits to consume alcoholic beverages. In this sense researches should be encouraged both to better understand the biological mechanisms of alcoholism as well as to search for therapeutic resources and with a view to detoxification. Ilex paraguariensis is a native plant native to South America of natural occurrence in Brazil, used in folk medicine and raw material for widely consumed beverages such as mate, tea and terrarium. It presents as major constituents phenolic substances, saponins and methylxanthines. However, it is known that the composition of its extract can be influenced by processes such as the drying of the plant (chimarrão) and roasting (tea maté), as well as by the procedure of preparation of the beverage (infusion time and water temperature) . Known for its antioxidant activity, recently effects on inhibition of glycation, hypocholesterolemic action, activities related to cardiovascular health, aid in the DNA repair system and neuroprotective effects, were also attributed to the extracts of this plant. In addition, there is a study demonstrating that extract from the commercial toast herb incorporated into the diet had a protective effect on some liver damage caused by the consumption of ethanol in rats. Thus, this doctoral work has as general objective to investigate the preventive effect of preparations with I. paraguariensis (chimarrão, terere and maté tea) against the damages caused by the chronic consumption of ethanol, including comparative analysis of preparation technology, chemical profile and Evaluation of therapeutic effect and safety. For this purpose, a comparative phytochemical study will be carried out between the aqueous extracts of I. paraguariensis obtained by the preparation technique of chimarrão, terere and maté tea, analyzing the chemical composition of each preparation (CG-MS, HPLC-UV / DAD-ESI / MS), in addition to the evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity in vitro in screening research. From the most promising extract in terms of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, its cytotoxic and genotoxic effects will be investigated in vitro in cell cultures (NIH-3T3, AML-12, PC12) and in vivo with the use of Animal model (Wistar rats), in order to evaluate its preventive effect against the damages caused by the chronic consumption of ethanol. (AU)