Quantitative and qualitative analysis of inflammatory response in a model of calvarial defect reconstruction of rats using different bioceramics

Abstract

Several experimental models have long being used for the study of bone substitutes aiming clinical applicability. Different available biomaterials present specific physic-chemical properties that rule resorption rate and the interaction with the receptor bed. In this way, the role of immune system cells is fundamental, and the degree and type of the inflammation influence reconstruction pathway. The present study aims to characterize the pattern of inflammatory response during bone repair process of calvaria defects of rats filled with different bioceramics, emphasizing the new bioactive glass ceramic Biosilicate®, in order to complement a project in progress (FAPESP 2016/03762-7). Eighty male Wistar rats underwent surgical procedure for the confectioning of a 5-mm diameter defect in their right parietal bone. The animals were divided in four groups (n = 20 for each group) according to the filling biomaterial: Group C - Control, particulate autogenous bone graft, Goup BO - particulate deproteinized bovine bone, Group BC - particulate biphasic calcium phosphate with HA, Group BS - particulate bioactive glass ceramic. After 3, 7, 21, and 45 days the specimens were removed to undergo preparation for morphological microscopic analysis, histomorphometry, and immunohistochemistry. (AU)