Oral condition, nutrition and quality of life: analyse in obese and non-obese patients before and after the labor

Abstract

The aim of this study is to evaluate the nutritional and oral conditions in obese and non-obese pregnant women and check for association between these conditions with the quality of life in the sample both before and after the childbirth, taking into account the socioeconomical, cultural and behavioral variables. This longitudinal observational study will analyze pregnant women treated at Women's Health Center at Pederneiras, São Paulo, Brazil. The pregnant women will be assessed between October 2016 and November 2017. The present research will occur according the following: The pregnant women will be divided into obese (OP) and non-obese (NOP) and they will be examined for the evolution of dental caries and periodontal disease twice during the pregnancy (ideally before and after the 4th or 5th month, which is nearly the middle of the pregnancy period) and 3 month after the labor. All the participants of the research will be evaluated for: a) Body Mass Index (BMI); b) dental caries (ICDAS) - dental caries free (CF); incipient lesion (IL) and dentin caries (DC); c) periodontal disease (gingivitis and periodontitis). Twenty participants of each group will be selected, randomly, by simple random draw, to accomplish the salivary component's analysis. The anthropometric analysis will be composed by Body Mass Index (kg/m2), waist and hip circumferences (cm) and waist-hip ratio. The medical history, smoking, alcoholism and the pregnant woman's socioeconomic conditions will be registered. Two forms will be applied, one to verify the socioeconomical, cultural and behavioral variables, and the other, quality of life. The saliva sample will be collected to determine the concentration of phosphate, calcium and fluoride ions. The variables: age, body weight, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio will be analyzed by non-paired T test. According the outcome studied, it will be adopted the tests: gingivitis (Chi-square); periodontitis, dental calculus, clinical attachment loss and probing depth (Fischer's exact); dental caries (Chi-square/Yates correction); salivary flow (Mann-Whitney); OHIP and behavioral form (Mann-Whitney). It will be applied logistic regression to evaluate the parameters between obesity and the data of another categories (p<0,05). (AU)