Toxoplasma gondii HUMAN INFECTION : ORIGIN AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS FOR HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX AND BASIC SANITATION.

Abstract

Recently the Brazilian Ministry of Health published in the Official Gazette the decree No. 204 of 2016 February 17, that reinserts congenital toxoplasmosis in the list of weekly reportable diseases. The prevalence of toxoplasmosis vary from 20 to 90% in the global human population, with differences related to geographical aspects and assigned the risk factors that may vary between regions, such as type of food, adequate water treatment and environmental hygiene. In Brazil, numerous human toxoplasmosis outbreaks have been reported due to the consumption of meat containing parasite cysts, food or water contaminated with oocysts of T. gondii.The General objective is to evaluate the occurrence of infection with T. gondii, comparing populations in different regions of Brazil (Ananindeua - PA and São José do Rio Preto - SP) and the Human Development Index and sanitation conditions. By Specific objectives, understand and evaluate the occurrence of anti-T. gondii in human population treated at health units of assessed municipalities, to etermine the source of infection by T. gondii as the source: oocysts or cysts in the population of the two regions studied and the aim risk factors associated with T. gondii infection in both regions contrasting socio-cultural economic conditions. Using as a basis the data from United Nations Programme for Development ( UNDP , 2010) and also the National Sanitation Information System ( SNIS , 2013) , we highlight two Brazilian cities with ideal profile for the development of the study : São Jose do Rio Preto in São Paulo State and Ananindeuá in the State of Pará . The project will be developed in collaboration with the Instituto Evandro Chagas in Ananindeuá and the Base Hospital of São José do Rio Preto - Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP). These collaborations enable the collection of samples and data in general, necessary to study the chosen locations. Will be selected for analysis samples from patients with clinical suspicion of toxoplasmosis from the attendances at these two sites .At the time of consultations the medical staff will apply a socioeconomic questionnaire to patients in order to obtain information about the origin of the patient and the history of the last 12 months, levels of education , eating habits and quality of drinking water, sewage , presence of animals domestic , synanthropic etc ... Also serum samples will be obtained from all patients and screened for antibodies against T. gondii .