Genetic inheritance modulation by physical training induced by interleukin-6

Abstract

It is currently established that genetic profile transmitted to the offspring by DNA sequence involves the passage of important epigenetic information which include: DNA's methylation by DNA methyltransferases (Dnmt); histones acetylation by histone acetyltransferases (HAT) or histone deacetylases (HDAC); and inhibition of protein production by microRNAs. Nutritional experiences of both parents during or before conception, as paternal obesity, have epigenetic effects in embryonic life which can result in adulthood implications, as a greater obesity tendency. Physical exercise promotes adiposity reduction and sexual function improvement of obese males, in addition, to reduce the adult life obese propensity of offspring, however, the mechanism responsible for the action of exercise as a transgenerational genetic factor has not been established yet. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the main myokine delivered by contracting muscle, it mainly acts by activation of JAK/ STAT, JAK/ERK, JAK/PI3K, and JAK/MAPK which develop important anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects. Furthermore, the role of IL-6 on testis when it is delivered by the muscle is not present in the literature, only its inflammatory effect, which acts negatively on spermatogenesis by blood-testis barrier's and Sertoli cells' regulation. Because of that, we aim to analyze the role of Interleukin-6 at the train's model as an epigenetic and transgenerational factor to determine the sperm methylation pattern of wild type and IL-6 knockout mice.