Effect of jaboticaba freeze-dried peel (Myrciaria spp.) in autophagy markers in adipose tissue of mices

Abstract

Obesity, characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue body, it is a complex multifactorial and considered a pandemic disease. Among the physiopathology mechanisms of the disease, it is known which adipocyte's hypertrophy unleashes a chronic inflammation frame low-grade, with systemic consequences. These changes generated by the increase in cellular stress can be verified by the increase of various inflammatory cytokines, into plasma or tissue. Important molecular changes are also seen in obesity, through modulation of cellular processes; one of these processes is called autophagy, a homeostasis fundamental degradation mechanism and with different importance in different cells. In adipose tissue, increased autophagy is related to adipocyte hypertrophy, degree of obesity and systemic inflammation. However, the opposite is observed in the liver, where increasing autophagy seems to contribute to the reduction of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (consequence of obesity). Thus, investigation of compounds can contribute to the favorable modulation of this process it becomes crucial in the search for obesity-fighting strategies. In this scenario, benefits of consumption of bioactive compounds present in foods. The jaboticaba (Myrciara spp.), a Brazilian native fruit is rich in flavonoids on its peel, which has given positive health effects, such as reducing oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and cardiovascular benefits. The objective of this study is evaluate the effect of freeze-dried jaboticaba peel under autophagic modulation process induced by diet in mice. For this purpose, chemical composition analysis will be performed in the freeze-dried jaboticaba peel and antioxidant potential analysis. For the biological assay, forty male mice C57BL6 will be divided into 4 groups: a control high fat diet (n=10), a control normal fat diet (n=10), a high fat diet with 4% freeze-dried jaboticaba peel supplementation (n=10) and a normal fat diet with 4% freeze-dried jaboticaba peel supplementation (n=10) for four weeks. At the end of this period, the animals will be euthanized. The portal blood will be collected for performing ELISA tests (TNF-± and MCP-1 antibody), while the fatty tissues (epididymal and inguinal) will be collected to perform Western Blot test for two regulatory proteins of autophagy, LC3 and the Beclin-1. For the liver, histological examination will be performed.