Comparison of the effects of aerobic and interval training in improving aerobic capacity, and psychosocial factors impact on the level of physical activity in patients with moderate to severe asthma: a controlled clinical study, randomized and blinded

Abstract

Introduction: Aerobic training (AT) increases the fitness that is associated with improved clinical management, quality of life and reduction of anxiety, depression and lung inflammation in asthmatic patients. However, little is understood about the benefits of training types in these patients. Objectives: To compare the impact in the short and medium term, the TA and interval training (IT) within the improvement of aerobic capacity, psychosocial factors and physical activity in asthma patients. Will also compared the effect of training on pulmonary inflammation. Methods: We will study 50 patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma who will be randomly assigned to one of two groups: TA and TI. The physical training program will run for 24 sessions (3 months), each workout will last 40 minutes. TA will take 5 min. heating 30 min. exercise and 5 min. back and will start with intensity between 60 and 80% of maximal aerobic capacity (VO2max). TI will have 5 min. and heating are carried out with intervals of 30 sec. with the same exercise resting period in the initial intensity between 80 and 100% of VO2max. Before the exercise program, patients participate in one educational program. Before and at the end of the intervention, patients will be evaluated for physical capacity (VO2max) at anaerobic threshold (isotime), clinical control (ACT, ACQ and daily symptoms), health factors related to quality of life (AQLQ) and levels anxiety and depression (HADS). The lung inflammation will be assessed by the fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO; chemiluminescence) and measurement of serum cortisol (fluorimunoensaio) and interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-2, IL-12, IL-17, IL-10, IFN-g, TNF-a, TGF-b, quimiocinas MCP-1, RANTES, MIG, IP-10 (CBA). Before and after 3 months of the end of the programs AT and IT, patients have evaluated asthma control and the level of physical activity using Pedometer quantified for 7 days and the barriers of physical activity questionnaire. The normality of the data will be made with the test Shapiro-Wilk. Continuous data will be analyzed using parametric tests (ANOVA and Bonferroni) or non-parametric (ANOVA and Mann-Whitney), will still be done to test measures repeated (Friedman and Tukey). For categorical data will be applied the chi-square test. It will also be made of the effect size analysis. The significance level for all tests will be 5% (p <0.05).