Molecular bioindicators of soil microbiome from corn crop under straw effect to N2O gas mitigation

Abstract

Brazil occupies a prominent place in maize production, as the third largest producer in the world. However, current papers about corn crop focus mainly on the potential production of plant and its nutrition, little exploring the role of microorganisms in the soil. Therefore, it is fundamentally important to understand the microbiological processes for soil quality maintenance and the mitigation of GHG emissions in this agricultural system with high demand for nitrogen. In this approach, the use of molecular biology allow explore potential microbial balance groups as biomarkers of biological processes. The microarray platform in the taxonomic and functional analysis (GeoChip) has generated results accurately on microorganisms in biogeochemical cycles. About this project, GHG emission fluxes and qPCR obtained data from macrocosm experiment showed straw as a potential attenuator agent of N2O flux. This way, a second experiment was designed with the purpose of elucidating the dynamics of active microbiome around this input by messenger RNA sequencing. Therefore, the development of this project is to generate information on the interaction of urea, diazotrophic inoculant and straw in rhizospheric community of maize in tropical soils; in order to identify molecular bioindicators related to mitigation of N2O. Consequently, we will apply the microarray platform (GeoChip 5.0) to determine the taxonomic and functional aspects of microbial communities, evaluating their participation in biogeochemical cycles and correlate the GHG fluxes under controlled experiment in macrocosm. Moreover, a second experiment will be developed to elucidate the processes of decomposition of organic matter and availability of straw that maintain the dynamics of microbial communities, which could be used to exploration of specific functional genes for lignocellulose decomposition of straw. (AU)