Taxonomical, molecular, ecological and/or ultrastructural analysis of Blastocladiomycota, Chytridiomycota and Oomycota from reservoirs of the "Médio Tietê/Alto Sorocaba", São Paulo State, Brazil

Abstract

The watershed of the "Médio Rio Tietê/Alto Sorocaba (BMT/AS)" is located in the Central-Southeast region of the state of São Paulo, one of the most developed regions in the state. In this region, due to the growing demand for electricity and public supply, several reservoirs were created, which are subject to the effects of local human activities. Among the detected impacts the eutrophication and disorderly use of the land are factors that are associated with the loss of water quality and biodiversity. The fungi sensu stricto and sensu lato, important decomposers and parasites are little explored in these aquatic environments, being your study necessary to understand your role in the process of energy transfer in these ecosystems. In view of this, this study aims to evaluate and compare the diversity of Chytridiomycota and Blastocladiomycota (Fungi kingdom) and Oomycota (Straminipila kingdom) that occurring in reservoirs "Itupararanga", "Prainha Santa Helena" and "Hedberg", located in BMT/AS, which have different trophic states. Moreover, it also intends to provide gene sequences of specimens identified at specific level and build their phylogeny, confirming or rejecting phylogenetic hypothesis, among Chytridiomycota taxa, by analyzing the ultrastructure of zoospores of these fungi. For this, will be performed four collections each reservoir, where will also be measured some physical and chemical parameters (temperature, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and total phosphorus). The community structure will be evaluated by species richness (S), Shannon diversity index (H'), evenness (E) and Simpson dominance index. The joint analysis of abiotic and biotic data will be held from the principal component analysis using covariance matrices. This proposal is a pioneer for the country, especially by addressing the relationship between diversity of the phyla with different trophic states of reservoirs Basin "Médio Rio Tietê/Alto Sorocaba", as well as, for inferring phylogenetic hypothesis of Chytridiomycota taxa, correlating them with zoospores ultrastructure data of these fungi.