Overreaching not functional in animal model and endoplasmic reticulum stress in muscle heart and liver

Abstract

Nonfunctional overreaching (NFOR) induced by downhill running is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and insulin signalling pathway impairment in skeletal muscles of mice. However, up to today, it is not possible to state that NFOR is associated with endoplasmatic reticulum stress. Thus, the main aim of the present investigation is to compare the effects of NFOR induced by EE with other two protocols with similar intensity and volume, but performed in uphill and without inclination on the proteins related to endoplasmatic reticulum stress in heart and liver of mice. The animals will be divided into six groups: Naive (N; n=15; sedentary),Control (C; n=15; sedentary who underwent physical test), Trained (TR; n=15; training protocol) Overtraining in downhill (OT1; n=15; overtrained in downhill), Overtraining without inclination (OT2; n=15; overtrained without inclination), Overtraining in uphill (OT3; n=15; overtrained in uphill). The mice will be evaluated daily for variation in body weight and food intake. The performance of rodents will be measured in the beginning (week 0), at the middle (week 4) and at the end (week 8) of the experimental protocols by the following evaluations: incremental load test, rotarod test, exhaustive test and grip force. The content of the proteins related to the endoplasmatic reticulum stress will be determined in the heart and liver by the immunoblotting technique. For comparison between groups will be used variance analysis followed by test for multiple comparisons of means. A significance level of 5% will be used. (AU)