Radio and conflict: the constitutional revolution in Brazil (1932) in the Vargas Era; ascension of Salazar in Portugal (1932) and the Spanish civil war (1936-1939)

Abstract

With this paper we intend to analyze the radio production and its role in the period of political turbulence of the 1930s, in the Constitutional Revolution (1932), in Brazil, under Vargas; in the ascension of Salazar, in Portugal (1932) and the Spanish Civil War (1936-1939). This study originates from a previous post doctorate one, realized between 2009-2010 in the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona and at PUCSP, with the support of Fapesp during a period of research abroad. In this occasion we worked with the PRB-9 Rádio Record de São Paulo and the EAJ-1 Radio Barcelona, respectively the Constitucional Revolution and the Spanish Civil War, and the results were published in national and international congresses, scientific magazines with strict selection process and book chapters (as indicated in the Curriculum Lattes). Since 2009, many other questions have arised, such as the politics involving the propaganda on the radio, used in order to align the countries which formed the Axis alliance; the role of the Telefunken corporation in the Spanish Civil War; the active participation of Salazar, with the Rádio Nacional, Rádio Renascença and the Rádio Club Português, for the fall of the Second Republic of Spain. Also in Italy, the active participation of the radio stations of that time: Rádio Vaticana (1931), RAI Radio 1 (1924), and others, controlled by the Subsecretary of Press and Propaganda, which became a Ministry in 1935, and the Ministry of Popular Culture in 1937, under Galeazzo Ciano, the son-in-law of Benito Mussolini, and responsible for the guidelines, filters and selection of news, censorship of all contents which could cause damage to the "moral grounds of the Italian people" and to the fascist program. (AU)