Characterization Humic Substances extracted from Amazonian Soils

Abstract

The Amazonian Forest occupies large portions of the national territory of Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Guyana, Bolivia, Ecuador and Brazil, providing important services to humanity, such as high biodiversity, climate regulation, acting on carbon sequestration and regulation of water resources. Although the expansion of the deforested area and the use of land for agriculture, the Amazon plays a vital role in maintaining biodiversity, climate and regional hydrology and carbon storage levels. Changes induced by the use and occupation of land such as deforestation may affect the carbon loss and change soil composition interfering in the amount and chemical nature of natural organic matter present in this ecosystem as well as the structure of humic substances. Thus, to study the soil composition is important since the size and nature of components comprising the ground determining important characteristics such as water holding capacity and recycling of nutrients. Front of these observations this project aims to obtain important information on the chemical and spectroscopic characteristics of humic substances from soil and its main constituents, allowing us to understand its molecular composition and structure. For this, the following will be employed spectroscopic techniques, Spectrophotometry in the region of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR), Fluorescence, Laser Induced Fluorescence (LIF) and Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS).