Maintenance of physical activity throughout life and vascular stiffness in adults: cross-sectional analysis and cohort of 12 months

Abstract

This study will have as aims (i) to compare hard vascular indicators between active and sedentary adults in life time, as well as, (ii) to analyze the relation among these variables (adjusted by lipidic profile, inflammatory indicator and behavior variables) after a period of 12 months. So, a transversal study will be done and, after, a cohort of 12 months with at least 96 individuals both sex will be conducted. All of the potential selected participants will be put in the experiment, in case of having all of the established inclusion criteria: (i) persistent active (active in the childhood, during the teen years and nowadays physically active in leisure) or persistent inactive (inactive in childhood, during the teen years and nowadays sedentary in leisure); (ii) understood age between 30 and 50 years; (iii) without previous brain vascular accident or heart attack history; (iv) without amputation or visual problem due to mellitus diabetes. The sample will be subdivided in two groups (persistent active and persistent sedentary), which will be pared by sex, ethnical issues and age (30 to 39 years/ 40 to 50 years). Initially, the experiment will be composed by an application of three questionnaires (a anamnesis [history of diseases, use of medicine, feeding habits, alcohol and smoking habits], sleeping quality and physical activities practiced nowadays in leisure, work and locomotion). It will be measured in all participants: (i) anthropometry (body weight, height and waist circumference), (ii) body mass estimative (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry), (iii) oxygen intake peak estimative, (iv) accelerometry (used for a period of seven days, which it will be fixed around the waist and it will be only removed during sleeping time and bath time), (v) blood pressure, heart rate during rest time and the variability of the heart rate, (vi) blood sample for biochemistry analysis triglycerides, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin and TNF-±) and (vii) image exam of ultrasonography with Doppler of the common carotid artery and the femoral artery to obtain the size of the arteries and the parameters of the blood flow. All of the experimental procedures will be done in two different moments: the initial and after the period of 12 months. All the results will be presented in mean, standard deviation and confidence intervals. For statistics analysis of the initial moment (transversal data), it will be used the test t Student for independent samples. To analyze the occurred modifications during 12 months of companionship, it will be used the Pearson correlation test and multivariate linear regression expressed by beta (²) values and its respective confidence interval of 95% (²IC95%), which will be adjusted by confusion variables (sex, age, body mass, lipid profile, inflammatory agents and behavior factors). In case of the normality test presents the existence of variables with non normal distribution, similar tests (non paramedic) will be used to statistics analyzes. To all the statistics procedures the significance value (p-value) will be pre fixed in inferior values of 5% (p<0.05).