Genotoxic and biochemical responses in fish Astyanax sp exposed to sewage effluent treated and untreated sewage treatment plant in São José do Rio Preto

Abstract

The dumping of domestic and industrial effluents is the major source of contamination of the aquatic environment, as well as leaching of soils used in agriculture as pesticides and fertilizers are used. Contaminants from these sites are released into rivers, lakes, and oceans, which could generate damage to aquatic animals such as physiological, genetic diseases, and even death. Treatment in Sewage Treatment Plants (STP) does not remove organic contaminants that are in trace concentration. The objective of this study is to compare the differences in biochemical and genotoxic tetra fish species Astyanax sp, exposure to water taken from different points located near the ETE São José do Rio Preto, in a display of 7 days. The genotoxicity test is conducted with a comet assay removing the blood of animals. As biomarkers of contamination in gill and liver enzymes will be measured Glutathione S-transferase (GST), 7-Etoxiresorufina-¸-deetilase EROD, and levels of lipid peroxidation (MDA) that work in combating oxidative stress generated after exposure to contaminants, this way we can verify the efficiency of wastewater treatment compared to chemical pollutants.(AU)