Expression and immunity of the heat shock proteins (HSP) in pregnancies complicated by diabetes and mild gestational hyperglycemia

Abstract

Mild gestational hyperglycemia (MGH) is associated to the insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, obesity and high risk of developing type 2 Diabetes mellitus (DM2) some years after the delivery, similar to the women with gestational Diabetes mellitus. The heat shock proteins (HSP) participates in the embryonic development, cellular differentiation and embryogenesis. MGH and DM affect HSP. However, the role of these proteins is little known in diabetic gestations. Then, the aim of this study is to investigate the levels of HSP and their respective antibodies, as well as the blood insulin and glucose concentrations, in pregnant women with MGH and DM in order to verify whether these diseases presents different gravity degrees or if they are different diseases. The patients will be submitted to the screening using the two diagnostic tests and they will be classified in four groups of pregnant women with positive screening for diabetes: 1) normal group: presenting the 2 normal tests (Tolerance Test to the Glucose - TTG 75g and Glycemic Profile - GP), 2) Group with Mild gestational hyperglycemia (normal TTG75g and abnormal GP), 3) Gestational diabetes (Abnormal TTG 75g and normal GP) 4) Gestational and overt diabetes (Abnormal TTG75g and GP). The blood samples of the pregnant women will be collected in 4 different moments (from 26 to 28 weeks, from 34 to 38 weeks, umbilical cord and 6 weeks postpartum). These will be processed for determination of HSP60,HSP70, Anti HSP60, Anti HSP70, glucose and insulin and calculations of HOMA-RI and HOMA ß (insulin resistance evaluation). The significance limit established will be of 95% (p <0.05).