ACCLIMATIZATION OF MICROPROPAGATED SEEDLING AND MANGABEIRA SEEDLINGS PRODUCTION USING MICROORGANISMS GROWTH PROMOTERS

Abstract

Mangabeira (Hancornia speciosa) stands out among the Cerrado native fruit trees as one of the most promising programs for sustainable exploitation. Despite the great economic potential, lack of information about this culture is restricting its commercial cultivation. The sexual propagation is difficult once seeds have short longevity. The reduced seeds water content may cause harm the viability and vigor. The micropropagation technique allows the large plants multiplication, with genetically superior characteristics, uniformity, in a reduced space and time. This technique spread into different species that have low germination rate, such as mangabeira. However, its eliminates the microorganisms associated with plant tissue, including mutuals, such as mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), and those that are growth promoter, such as phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (PSM), that can improve plant performance under stress, and increase their income. Micropropagated plants suffer when ex vitro acclimatized, due to the environment adaptation, going on with losses. The use of those microorganisms during the micropropagation has been recommended to reduce training time and plants acclimatization, increases tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, resistance to pathogens and percentage of seedling survival after transplantation. The objective of this study is the acclimatization of mangabeira plantlets in the nursery and to evaluate the efficiency of PSM and its interaction with AMF on the growth in vitro and to maximize the seedlings production for cultivation and reforestation programs. The experiments will be conducted at UNESP-Sao Paulo State University, Ilha Solteira Campus and the IF- Federal Institute - Campus Rio Verde. The plant material to be used in vitro propagation will be removed from fruits of different plants collected at Gameleira Farm, located in the municipality of Montes Claros de Goiás-GO. Five experiments will be performed and conducted for 120 days each. The objective of the first experiment will be the plantlets acclimatization testing two types of moist chamber (plastic cups and pots with plastic bags) and ten types of substrates, under laboratory conditions. The second experiment will observe the effects of plantlets in vitro inoculation with phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and Glomus clarum, under laboratory conditions. The third experiment will evaluate the in vitro acclimatization of plantlets inoculated with phosphate solubilizing microorganisms and G. clarum, testing two types of moist chamber (plastic cups and pots with plastic bags) and ten types of substrates, under laboratory conditions. The fourth will try different times of plantlets immersion in phosphate solubilizing microorganisms (MSF) inoculum solutions, in the presence or absence of G. Clarum, under greenhouse condition. The fifth experiment will assess different times of seedlings inoculation with phosphate solubilizing microorganism and they acclimatization on substrates, in the absence or presence of G. clarum, under greenhouse condition.