Surface characterization of cold plasma nitrided titanium and in vivo evaluation of bioactive nanoparticles addition on implants with different roughness

Abstract

Titanium dental implants have been used with high clinical success in esthetic and functional rehabilitation of the oral cavity. However, it has not been established the ideal parameters of surface that can ensure the formation of a bone-implant interface to ensure a faster osseointegration and longterm prognosis. The morphology at the nanometric level and chemical composition are factors that can influence the adsorption of plasma proteins and hence the bioactivity of osteogenic cells. Thus, the objectives of this study will be (1) to characterize the surface of titanium after nitriding treatment by cold plasma and (2) in vivo evaluation of the nitrided surface and the influence bioactive nanoparticles addiction on titanium surfaces with different roughness. To characterize the surface cold plasma nitrided, nitrided titanium disks (12.7 mm x 2) will be subjected to analysis of interferometry, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, and compared with untreated control discs. The cylindrical implants 3.5 x 8 mm used for in vivo evaluation will also have their surfaces characterized by the same analysis in three distinct regions of the implants. Implants with a mean (Sa = 1.0 mM) or high surface roughness (Sa = 2.0 mM) will receive the nitriding treatment or the addition of bioactive nanoparticles (Ca, Mg or P). The macrogeometria be smooth to eliminate their influence on osseointegration, the bone response allowing you to assign only the surface roughness and the presence of nanoparticles. A stabilization appliance is used to ensure adequate fixation of the implant in the bone tissue. The implants will be installed in the tibia and femur of adult albino New Zealand rabbits and after the healing time of 4 weeks for all the experiments, the animals will be sacrificed and blocks containing bone and the implant will be removed. The material will be processed in Exakta for histologic and histomorphometric analysis. (AU)